I had a requirement at my work for designing a Document Management using SharePoint 2013 and here is my proposed design.
Background:
Document Center
Document Center site is designed to managed an enterprise's live documents. Users can perform different functions like create, upload, edit, check-out/in, document set, search etc on a document.
Records Center
Records Center site is designed to retain the expired/retired documents which are no longer required in a project but an enterprise keeps them for the record.
Design:
The whole life cycle would be, user will create the document on his machine and then upload it to the Document Center where a unique DocumentID will be assigned to it. The document will be live at that point, meaning it will be available for edit, check-out/check-in, search etc in the Document Center. When its time to retire the document, it will be sent to Record Center where it will be available as a Read-Only Document.
Implementation: http://mysplist.blogspot.com/2014/03/sharepoint-2013-document-management_12.html